Background I have an E5 subscription and was originally using a solution involving running the driveone/onedrive:edge Docker container to achieve synchronization. However, this solution had drawbacks: firstly, it lacked a GUI/WebUI, and secondly, each sync operation would consume 25%-50% of CPU resources. Considering that TrueNAS's built-in sync solution can sync to WebDAV, I thought of using Alist to mount OneDrive and convert it into WebDAV for TrueNAS to mount. Process Installing Alist Create a persistent storage folder for Alist and write a Docker Compose file according to the official Alist documentation: services: alist: environment: - PUID=3000 - PGID=950 - UMASK=022 image: xhofe/alist:latest ports: - '8088:5244' restart: always volumes: - /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/alist/etc:/opt/alist/data - /mnt/data/Storage:/mnt/data Here, I exposed the Alist port on 8088. Mapping /mnt/data/Storage allows Alist to manage local storage; mapping /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/alist/etc serves as the folder for storing Alist data. Configuring OneDrive on Alist is not discussed in this article; please refer to the official Alist documentation. Here, I mounted my OneDrive at /OneDrive. After setup, go to the Alist admin panel -> Users, edit your user or create a new user, and check the Webdav Read and Webdav Manage permissions to enable WebDAV access for this user. Configuring TrueNAS Sync Go to TrueNAS Admin-Credentials-Backup Credentials, and add a Cloud Credential with the following parameters: Provider: WebDAV Name: Custom URL: Alist address +/dav, e.g., I used http://127.0.0.1:8088/dav WebDAV Service: OTHER Username和Password: Alist account credentials Verify the credential and save it if successful. Next, go to TrueNAS Admin -> Data Protection, and add a Cloud Sync Task. Under Provider, select the WebDAV credential for Alist created earlier. The parameters are explained in detail below: Direction: Choose PULL (cloud to local) or PUSH (local to cloud) Transfer Mode: COPY: Copy files. Files deleted from the source folder later will not be deleted from the target. MOVE: Copy files and then delete them from the source folder after transfer. SYNC: Keep the source and target folders synchronized. Files deleted from the source will also be deleted from the target. Directory/Files: The local file or folder to sync. Folder: The target folder in the cloud storage. Description: Notes. Schedule: Set a schedule using Cron syntax. You can use predefined intervals or write your own. For example, I selected PUSH, SYNC, syncing from /mnt/data/Storage to /OneDrive/TrueNAS, scheduled to run daily at 00:00. After editing, save the task. It will automatically upload local files to OneDrive at the scheduled time. Old Solution Project Address: https://github.com/abraunegg/onedrive Reference Articles: https://alist.nn.ci/zh/guide/install/docker.html https://alist.nn.ci/zh/guide/drivers/onedrive.html
Installing 1Panel Using Docker on TrueNAS
Background My TrueNAS has some performance headroom, so I'm thinking of deploying a web service. I want to install a control panel to reduce manual work. Considering the performance overhead of virtual machines, the high memory requirements for ZFS cache, and the fact that the NAS itself isn't very powerful, I decided to use Docker for deployment. Furthermore, since 1Panel itself is distributed as a Docker image, both systems controlling the TrueNAS host's Docker daemon is essentially equivalent to deploying websites directly on the TrueNAS host, making management easier. Analysis {alert type="warning"} This article assumes TrueNAS can access Docker Hub and the Docker daemon is already configured. {/alert} Environment Information Storage Pool There are two storage pools: /mnt/data: 1 x MIRROR | 2 wide | 2.73 TiB | HDD /mnt/systemdata: 1 x DISK | 1 wide | 223.57 GiB | SSD Docker data is stored in storage pool #2. Datasets There are three datasets: Storage: Located in the data storage pool, stores cold data. DockerData: Located in the systemdata storage pool, stores persistent data for containers. KaguraiYoRoy: Located in systemdata, the user's home directory. Installing 1Panel Used the moelin/1panel:latest image for deployment. Many parts of this process can refer to the README written by the image author. Project address: okxlin/docker-1panel Created a folder specifically for storing 1Panel data within the DockerData dataset, which is used as /opt/1panel inside the container, located at /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/1panel. Persistent Volumes To allow 1Panel to manage the host's Docker, map /var/run/docker.sock and the host's Docker directory. Map the data folder created for it earlier. The Docker directory in TrueNAS is different from typical Linux systems. Typically, it's at /var/lib/docker, but in TrueNAS, it's at /mnt/.ix-apps/docker. Environment Variables and Port Mapping The environment variables are the same as those set by the image author, passing TZ=Asia/Shanghai. Port mapping can be set as needed; the container's port is 10086. Docker Compose With the above information, writing the Docker Compose file becomes straightforward. The complete Docker Compose file is as follows: services: 1panel: dns: - 223.5.5.5 environment: - TZ=Asia/Shanghai image: moelin/1panel:latest labels: createdBy: Apps ports: - '8085:10086' restart: always volumes: - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock - /mnt/.ix-apps/docker:/var/lib/docker - /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/1panel/opt:/opt/1panel - /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/1panel/root:/root - /etc/docker:/etc/docker Mapping /root is because I need to run Git inside the container, and Git config is stored under /root. Setting DNS is because 1Panel needs to download data online when building environment images, and errors occur without specifying DNS. After installation, access the port you set. 1Panel Basic Information: Default Username: 1panel Default Password: 1panel_password Default Entrance: entrance Troubleshooting Docker Mirror During testing, it was found that without setting a mirror source, even with a Proxy configured, installing the PHP environment would fail. Furthermore, configuring both a mirror source and a Proxy also led to installation failure; the reason is unclear. Open /etc/docker/daemon.json on TrueNAS and add registry-mirrors: { "data-root": "/mnt/.ix-apps/docker", "default-address-pools": [ { "base": "172.17.0.0/12", "size": 24 } ], "exec-opts": [ "native.cgroupdriver=cgroupfs" ], "iptables": true, "registry-mirrors": [ "https://docker.1panel.live" ], "storage-driver": "overlay2" } Save the file, restart the host's Docker service, then try installing the environment in 1Panel again. {alert type="warning"} This configuration might be lost after a reboot. Try to install all necessary environments and apps in one go if possible. {/alert} Containers Created by 1Panel Fail to Start This is because in 1Panel, the default folder for storing data is the mapped /opt/1panel. However, the containers actually run on the TrueNAS host and try to access /opt/1panel, which doesn't exist on TrueNAS by default, and its /opt is read-only by default. This causes a "Read-only filesystem" error when starting containers. My solution is straightforward: On the TrueNAS host, first remount /opt as read-write, then create a symbolic link pointing to 1Panel's data folder. cd /opt mount -o remount,rw /opt ln -s /mnt/systemdata/DockerData/1panel/opt 1panel After this, it should work normally. One thing to note: When installing OpenResty in 1Panel, remember to avoid using ports 80 and 443, as these are the default ports for the TrueNAS web UI.
I wrote this article because the original disk was a 16GB USB drive, and the target disk is a 16GB Optane. Although both are 16GB, the original one is slightly larger (I don't know why either orz). Directly using dd won't work since the source disk is larger than the target, so I'm documenting the process here. {alert type="warning"} Data is priceless, tinkering requires caution. {/alert} Analysis The RR boot disk has three partitions: FAT32,50.00MB Ext2,50.00MB Ext4,occupying the remaining space The first partition is the boot partition and is bootable (marked with an asterisk under "Boot" in fdisk -l). The second partition's purpose is unclear, but it's likely for GRUB. The third partition holds Synology's kernel and RR Loader configuration files. Approach Since the first two partitions are small, we can use dd to copy them entirely to the target disk. For the third partition, we'll manually create and format it, then synchronize the UUID and Label. {alert type="warning"} This process uses Linux operations. {/alert} Let's Start Connect both disks to the system: source disk as /dev/sda, target disk as /dev/sdb. Check the source disk information: sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Output: Disk /dev/sda: 14.55 GiB, 15627976704 bytes, 30523392 sectors Disk model: Storage Media Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x66d0fe82 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 * 2048 104447 102400 50M 83 Linux /dev/sda2 104448 206847 102400 50M 83 Linux /dev/sda3 206848 30523391 30316544 14.5G 83 Linux Copy the First Two Partitions and Disk Partition Table to the Target Disk sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=dev/sdb count=206848 # Note: The count value here is the start of the third partition above. Adjust according to your disk. Output: 206848+0 records in 206848+0 records out 105906176 bytes (106 MB, 101 MiB) copied, 11.3812 s, 9.3 MB/s Create the Third Partition Open the disk with fdisk: sudo fdisk /dev/sdb First, wipe the existing third partition data: Type d, and when prompted with Partition number (1-3, default 3):, enter 3 or just press Enter. After seeing Partition 3 has been deleted., type n to create a new partition. Select primary partition by typing p, and accept the default options for the rest by pressing Enter. Once done, type w to save and exit. If you're unfamiliar with fdisk, search for tutorials online. Format the Newly Created Partition and Write UUID and Label sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb3 Check the details of the source disk's third partition using the file command: sudo file -s /dev/sda3 Output: /dev/sda3: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=617a3aca-4b56-42d7-8558-54411b344a7d, volume name "RR3" (extents) (64bit) (large files) (huge files) Note down the UUID and volume name (i.e., "RR3"), and use the following commands to write them to the new disk: sudo tune2fs /dev/sdb3 -U df39b1f3-b846-49dc-a317-ce329ec87ca2 # Write UUID sudo tune2fs /dev/sdb3 -L RR3 # Write volume name Copy data Mount the third partitions of both disks. Assume the source is mounted at ~/a and the target at ~/b. Then, copy all data from a to b (this step is straightforward with cp, so no detailed explanation needed). Finally, unmount all mount points, disconnect the disks, and connect them to your NAS. The migration should be successful.